The expected English payments were missing and Louis intended to reach an agreement with the pope one more time. On 9 November 1313, Frederick was beaten by Louis in the Battle of Gamelsdorf and had to renounce the tutelage. With the death of duke John I in 1340 Louis inherited Lower Bavaria and then reunited the duchy of Bavaria. In 1328 a "pope-free" imperial crown took place, while Ludwig received the imperial crown from the Roman people. Since the Pope and the electors strongly objected to this agreement, another treaty was signed at Ulm on 7 January 1326, according to which Frederick would administer Germany as King of the Romans, while Louis would be crowned as Holy Roman Emperor in Italy. Louis himself obtained much support from the Imperial Free Cities and the knighthood and successfully resisted Charles, who was widely regarded as a papal puppet ("rex clericorum" as William of Ockham called him). However, Frederick's army was in the end decisively beaten in the Battle of Mühldorf on 28 September 1322 on the Ampfing Heath, where Frederick and 1300 nobles from Austria and Salzburg were captured. In January 1328 Louis entered Rome and had himself crowned emperor by the aged senator Sciarra Colonna, called captain of the Roman people. With the death of duke John I in 1340 Louis inherited Lower Bavaria and then reunited the duchy of Bavaria. Louis himself obtained much support from the Imperial Free Cities and the knights and successfully resisted Charles, who was widely regarded as a papal puppet ("rex clericorum" as William of Ockham called him). Louis concentrated his energies also on the economic development of the cities of the empire, so his name can be found in many city chronicles for the privileges he granted. After the reconciliation with the Habsburgs in 1326, Louis marched to Italy and was crowned King of Italy in Milan in 1327. Louis, who was impressed by such nobility, renewed the old friendship with Frederick, and they agreed to rule the Empire jointly. Prise de Jérusalem par Hérode le Grand.jpg, People excommunicated by the Roman Catholic Church, Charter given by Louis to the Hospital of the Holy Spirit in Nuremberg, https://religion.wikia.org/wiki/Louis_IV,_Holy_Roman_Emperor?oldid=213409, Mathilde (aft. The sons of Louis supported Günther von Schwarzburg as new rival king to Charles but finally joined the Luxemburg party after Günther's early death in 1349 and divided the Wittelsbach possessions among each other again. 25 October 1356 Eric XII of Sweden, Agnes (Munich, 1345 – 11 November 1352, Munich). Humbert was reluctant to take the crown and the conflict that would follow with all around him, so he declined, telling Louis that he should make peace with the church first.[1]. On 19 October 1314, Archbishop Henry II Cologne chaired an assembly of four electors assembled at Sachsenhausen, south of Frankfurt. [2] Later he forbade the Order to stand trial before foreign courts in their territorial conflicts with foreign rulers. The most likely choice was Frederick the Fair, the son of Henry's predecessor, Albert I, of the House of Habsburg. Holy Roman Emperor Louis IV - 1314-1346 . John's mother, a member of the Luxemburg dynasty, had to return to Bohemia. But now the Lord of Milan Galeazzo I Visconti was deposed since he was suspected of conspiring with the pope. Louis IV was a protector of the Teutonic Knights. [2] Later he forbade the Order to stand trial before foreign courts in their territorial conflicts with foreign rulers. As he did not manage to overcome Leopold's obstinacy, Frederick returned to Munich as a prisoner, even though the Pope had released him from his oath. Ludwig died in the Kirchenbann in 1347. Already in 1323 Louis had sent an army to Italy to protect Milan against the Kingdom of Naples, which was together with France the strongest ally of the papacy. Despite Louis' victory, Pope John XXII still refused to ratify his election, and in 1324 he excommunicated Louis, but the sanction had less effect than in earlier disputes between emperors and the papacy. In 1345 the emperor further antagonized the lay princes by conferring Hainaut, Holland, Zeeland and Friesland upon his wife Margaret of Holland. The Wittelsbacher fell into the excommunication in 1324 and stayed until his death in Kirchenbann. With the Treaty of Pavia in 1329 the emperor reconciled the sons of his late brother Rudolph and returned the Palatinate to his nephews Rudolf and Rupert. But now the Lord of Milan Galeazzo I Visconti was disposed since he was suspected of conspiring with the pope. The throne contest lasted several years and found in the Battle of Mühldorf 1322 a preliminary decision for the Wittelsbach side. Their children were: Election as German King and conflict with Habsburg, Coronation as Holy Roman Emperor and conflict with the Pope. Louis was elected in October 1314 upon the instigation of Peter of Aspelt, the Prince-elector and Archbishop of Mainz, with five of the seven votes, to wit Archbishop-Elector Baldwin of Trier, the legitimate King-Elector John of Bohemia, Duke John II of Saxe-Lauenburg, rivallingly claiming the Saxon prince-electoral power, Peter of Aspelt, and Prince-Elector Waldemar of Brandenburg. Louis died in October 1347 from a stroke suffered during a bear-hunt in Puch near Fürstenfeldbruck. In this agreement, Frederick recognized Louis as legitimate ruler and undertook to return to captivity if he did not succeed in convincing his brothers to submit to Louis. Humbert was reluctant to take the crown and the conflict that would follow with all around him, so he declined, telling Louis that he should make peace with the church first.[2]. John's mother, a member of the Luxemburg dynasty, had to return to Bohemia. Louis was born in Munich, the son of Louis II, Duke of Upper Bavaria and Count Palatine of the Rhine, and Matilda, a daughter of King Rudolph I. The expansion of the state also endangers the consensus with the princes as an essential domination model of the 14th century. Louis also allied in 1337 with Edward III of England against Philip VI of France, the protector of the new Pope Benedict XII in Avignon. But then Louis' sudden death avoided a longer civil war. His reign was marked by incessant diplomatic and military struggles to … After the reconciliation with the Habsburgs in 1326, Louis marched to Italy and was crowned King of Italy in Milan in 1327. During the conflict with the Kurie the Reichsverfassung developed into a secular direction. Charles' father John of Luxemburg was killed; Charles himself also took part in the battle but escaped. In January 1328 Louis entered Rome and had himself crowned emperor by the aged senator Sciarra Colonna, called capt… He died on 13 January 1330. But now the Lord of Milan Galeazzo I Viscontiwas deposed since he was suspected of conspiring with the pope. In fulfilment of an oath, on his return from Italy Louis founded Ettal Abbey on 28 April 1330.