Prior to the advent of the endoscopic approach, craniotomy was used for repairs, which carried a variable success rate and morbidity. Endoscopic management is the most useful approach for most of the cases. Further work into graft materials used and adjuvant treatment is needed to make any meaningful conclusions about their efficacy. J Clin Neurosci 11(6): 597-599. Gendeh BS, Wormald PJ, Forer M, Goh BS, Misiran K (2002) Endoscopic repair of spontaneous cerebro-spinal fluid rhinorrhoea: A report of 3 cases. The diagnosis of CSF Rhinorrhea is established on 3 main aspects: This can be classified into primary and secondary: Primary (helpful in the detection of most of the leaks) [10,11]: Secondary (useful if primary modalities failed to show the site of the leak)[12]: Figure 2: Suggested algorithmic approach for CSF rhinorrhea. Combined intracranial extradural and intradural approach allows the visualization and repair of the entire anterior skull base. Lloyd KM, Del Gaudio JM, Hudgins PA (2008) Imaging of skull base cerebrospinal fluid leaks in adults. It has a higher success rates, 87-100% in first attempt, 94-100% in second attempt [4,34-36]. Bhatti SN, Khan SA, Shah R, Aurangzeb A, Ahmed E, Rizvi F, Zadran KK, Alvi N. J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad. CT-Cisternography with an intrathecal injection of nonionic iodinated myelographic contrast medium usually localizes the CSF leak. Useful in cases of frontal and sphenoid sinus defects with or without meningocele or encephalocele [59,60,61], and in those with high ICP. (2002) Surgical management of cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea. COVID-19 is an emerging, rapidly evolving situation. In form of Acetazolamide [27], laxatives, and the prophylactic antibiotics. This site needs JavaScript to work properly. So, starting with HRCT is advised [12,13,17]. Lindstrom DR, Toohill RJ, Loehrl TA, Smith TL (2004) Management of cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea: The Medical College of Wisconsin experience. Lumbar drain can be useful. Acta Otorhinolaryngol Ital 29(4): 191-196. Surg Neurol 66(4): 371-376. J Otolaryngol ENT Res 7(1): 00191. Material and methods: A literature search was performed on PubMed, Medline and Cochrane Central databases, independently by two of the authors, of all studies reporting the outcomes of CSF rhinorrhoea repair, published until the 1st June 2014, using keywords Cerebrospinal fluid leak, CSF leak, CSF fistula, CSF leak or fistula repair, endoscopic sinus surgery or ESS complications. 13 CSF leaks often present as clear rhinorrhea or otorrhea within the first 48 hours of injury, 25,27–29 and they are estimated to occur in 2.3% of all pediatric skull fractures 1 and 10%–30% of skull base fractures. Intrathecal fluorescein [19,20,21] where 0.1 ml of 10% fluorescein is diluted in 10 ml of CSF and injected into the subarachnoid space over a period of 10 minutes, then nasal endoscopy to be done 30 minutes later, fluid can be seen by routine xenon light.