x�b```b``�c`c``^� Ā B�@Q� �\��00,���6jlr?m���m�T�u�y��+�J^�V }��PD�p���S:S�� �0 0000003035 00000 n L��,d8�@`zzxzzzxzzzx�y^�׉���\a� W�+��殄��\a� W�%�v"�D�+��J�eW���] �v%�Jؕ����� 0000001558 00000 n 0000035800 00000 n 0000003183 00000 n ����Dp(2�m�u�J�����"l�ə�r�9HQ� q�C �l�Qc� � ,,L),� A�@8f0�`�Ǡ�`��p�������00���� �|J� 0000006959 00000 n 0000009509 00000 n 0000003985 00000 n 0000003460 00000 n Case hardening or surface hardening is a hardening heat-treatment process. 0000071069 00000 n process involves a complex combination of elec-tromagnetic and heat transfer phenomena, as described in more detail in the article “Principles of Induction Heating” in this Volume. 0000130637 00000 n 0000133871 00000 n 0000001562 00000 n 0000410999 00000 n 0000071047 00000 n 0000003431 00000 n H��WYo�F~篨� �b�&��+�–鱂؞��1��@������L~}����. Newly manufactured parts made from low-carbon steels like 1018, 1020, 1022, 1117, or … 0000017508 00000 n 0000004543 00000 n startxref 0000013673 00000 n LOO�B�M��t8��������G� p��:�YAV�#�!�g�r&=�BO���vA��D~�炞k�"칠�ºu)����_��W�+��J���_��W�+��J���_��W�W��"��{U��_Y2�+�pQ,�=y�����o�!đ_^�e�1�����i�LL�| 0 8��7 In this process, the steel is quenched directly after carburizing from the already heated state. 0000016247 00000 n 0000003062 00000 n 0000001660 00000 n xref 0000019481 00000 n Makers of tapered roller bearings recognized the need to lessen the problem of brittleness and possible fracture. The carburization process depending on the grade of steel is carried out in the temperature range of about 880 - 1050 ℃. 0000043085 00000 n 0000004267 00000 n 0000006187 00000 n 0000003344 00000 n 0000006209 00000 n 0000365702 00000 n In case hardening, you change the surface of the metal chemically by introducing a high carbide or nitride content. 0000002769 00000 n endstream endobj 41 0 obj <>stream 0000015974 00000 n %%EOF CARBURIZING. t}� r�� 0000003070 00000 n CASE HARDENING Case-hardened steel was developed when the tapered roller bearing was introduced. ��X���h#�� � ��-, 8.1 Purpose of Case Hardening 0000295273 00000 n H�\�͊�@��y�Zv/��ԭ{[��\���hR:�1��^��S�N�#h>M��U�f��������9�ɝ�����>6ѝ�닪vm�L��gs=EZ{xܧx���[�X��G�w�Ƈ{Z��S|.�ocǮ���_�ó+���'^c?��[.]�E��r��ѕy�˾M������{��c����+�4�6އc�c��b�^K�إײ�}��}S. 0000004183 00000 n tptptptptp�'��@� O�L�L�L�L�L�L�L�L�L�Le����(:Qfi�b'�N��(:Qv��Dى�e'�N��(:1vb���o�7���������o�7���������o�7���u�;~�{2��B��k�*��� 0000002020 00000 n 0000015952 00000 n �eM�t���ؙغ�q��B�>��HȧP>p 0000039716 00000 n 0000313655 00000 n But in the case of case hardening, only the outer surface is heat-treated to make it hardened. 0000002319 00000 n 0000039694 00000 n trailer 0000004941 00000 n Induction heating is used in a variety of heat treatmentprocesses,suchasannealing,normaliz-ing, surface (case) hardening, through hardening, Case Hardening or Surface Hardening. 0000020450 00000 n 0000299595 00000 n 0000001579 00000 n h�b``a``9����f��A�@b@������H2�N��'؜ym�|��� %(��R �P0d*�}S�Sf"�f�1� The main aim of this process is to make the only external surface of steel hard and inner core soft. 0000045133 00000 n 0000001196 00000 n The process of adding carbon to the surface of mild steel or iron as a means of making it harder has been with us for a very long time, at least for a thou- ... of parts make ideal candidates Oncefor re-case hardening. 21 0 obj <> endobj 0000007689 00000 n xref In the case of hardening, the complete metal piece is heated. 0000013805 00000 n 0000130985 00000 n 0000043107 00000 n trailer << /Size 51 /Info 2 0 R /Root 5 0 R /Prev 74847 /ID[] >> startxref 0 %%EOF 5 0 obj << /Type /Catalog /Pages 1 0 R /Metadata 3 0 R >> endobj 49 0 obj << /S 36 /Filter /FlateDecode /Length 50 0 R >> stream 0000051680 00000 n 0000017740 00000 n H�\��j�0����l/����L MZ�E�e�� �����6�s����O���t�o�q��mwC?��W۽�ͱ��/�5������0]���O�w{n�$����2��n8�I]��w\���f���x��I�:��d��n��&�_��ӟ�0�̬V���x�k3�5go�%����z?�b�ߎ?�ɛby�)ӎ��LM�C3�|Rg�Z��%^����`�pl?���6gY�Evdސ7�-y~&?G.�-�-sr.�ؒ-X� 0000001337 00000 n =�BO���S�)�x 0000019481 00000 n 0000001036 00000 n 0000045214 00000 n endstream endobj 29 0 obj<> endobj 30 0 obj<> endobj 31 0 obj<>stream x'���l�Y�h��s�S�}i��49�W6��y�XRJ���yV��oُ�����߾�{�w��2��{�����QD�w���������٧��W�|��l5�o���]Y��"�*�@ a��C�Z�z�:��P$Wͣ�qE�kHgqW�I 0000007292 00000 n 0000021594 00000 n 0000037122 00000 n 0000064766 00000 n 0000379046 00000 n 0000019459 00000 n 8. 0000004073 00000 n 0000001521 00000 n Q��4u%�N� 0000064788 00000 n Case hardening is defined as a process by which a ferrous material is hardened in such a manner that the surface layer, known as the case, becomes substantially harder than the remaining material, known as the core. 0000041756 00000 n 0000370024 00000 n trailer 0000009926 00000 n 0000020338 00000 n 0000075898 00000 n 0000029408 00000 n 30 37 �~H��u}�|ܭ�����4n>>nK���ԵKć�e~��m7��s�~��0���=���]z�Oӟp ��2�ٸ.�cЗf��\�K�m/�.>��K��o���\���i�.ܦ� s3\BRg�ڸ�=^�$�ϥ�ӹ���I]`q�ş�;��'��o��%חX_���d����W����d���r.�%ؓ=X�f]���u=�z����+rf�=z��ѣg�=z�y� ��+�x Hardening of carburized layers takes place in … The process of case-hardening, however, increases the carbon content at the surface of Case hardening is the process of hardening just … 0 65 0 obj<>stream H�c``�e``�b```�|�� p@i ֆbQ~f�$��AG�����L�5�.